⯈Algorithm and its Characteristics
⯈Elementary Problems
- Addition of two numbers
- Calculate area and circumference of circle
- Calculate area of triangle
- Calculate simple interest
- Calculate slope and distance between two points
- Convert length in feet to inches
- Weighted score in exam
- Convert temperature in degree Celsius to Fahrenheit
- Swap two numbers
- Swap two numbers without using extra variable
- Overview of C Programming Language
- Getting started with C Programming Language
- Keywords
- Identifiers
- Constants
- Operators
- Expression Evaluation
- Mathematical expression to C equivalent expressions
- Datatypes
- Variables
- Integer representation in C
- Character representation in C
- Type conversion in C
- sizeof operator
- Comments
- Mathematical Functions
- input output statements
- width specifiers in C
- structure of a C program
- header files
- Compilation process of a C program
- Types of initializations.
⯈Basic C Programs
- C program to add two numbers
- C program to find area and circumference of circle
- C program to swap two numbers
- C program to swap two numbers without using extra variable
- C program to swap two numbers using bitwise XOR
- C program to convert temperature in Celsius to Fahrenheit
- C program to calculate gross salary of an employee
- C program to count number of digits in a positive integer
- C program to count number of digits in binary representation
- C program to count number of digits in base ‘K’
- C program to convert kilometer to meter, feet, inches and centimeters
- C program to find first and last digit of a number
- C program to find minimum number of currency denominations
- C program to convert cartesian coordinates to polar coordinates
- C program to find distance between two places on earth in nautical miles
- C program to find slope and distance between two points
- C program to add 1 to the number using ‘+’ operator
- C program to find maximum of two numbers using ternary operator
- C program to find maximum of three numbers using ternary operator
- C program to find kth bit of a number
- C program to find last four bits of a byte
Getting Started with C Programming Language
Like any natural language we have alphabets, words, sentences, C is a programming language. It’s a language hence it should also have alphabets, words and sentences. The alphabets we call it as “character set”, the words as “tokens” and the sentences as the “instructions”.
The set of instructions is called as a “program”.
So, lets get started with the basics of C programming.
Group of characters forms a token. Group of tokens forms a instruction and group of instructions forms a program.
Character set
A character set consists of:
- Upper case alphabets (A, B, C, …. Z)
- Lower case alphabets (a, b, c, … z)
- Digits (0,1,2…,9)
- Special Symbols (!, @, #, $, %, ^, &, *, ….. )
Token
A group of characters forms the token. A token is the basic vocabulary of the given programming language. (Like words form the vocabulary in any natural language). There are different types of tokens:
- Keywords
- Identifiers
- Constants
- Operators
Let us discuss each of these tokens in detail in the next sections.